<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<leroxaArticleMetadata version="1.0">
  <journal>
    <title>Journal of Leadership, Organization, Vision, and Administration</title>
    <issnOnline>3123-6723</issnOnline>
    <issnPrint></issnPrint>
  </journal>
  <article id="425">
    <title><![CDATA[Principal Accountability and Supervision: Strengthening School Governance and Educational Quality]]></title>
    <abstract><![CDATA[Principal accountability and supervision are critical components in strengthening school governance and improving educational quality. This study aims to analyze the accountability and supervision of school principals in supporting school governance and improving the quality of education. The method used is a literature study by reviewing scientific books, journal articles, and policy documents relevant to educational leadership. The results show that principal accountability is reflected in systematic program planning, transparent resource management, and structured performance reporting. Principal supervision has been shown to play a significant role in improving the quality of learning through observation, feedback, and teacher professional development. However, the study also found various obstacles such as limited managerial competence, a lack of evaluation instruments, and inconsistent monitoring that hamper the effectiveness of accountability and supervision. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening school leadership capacity and developing more comprehensive evaluation instruments.]]></abstract>
    <doi>10.63203/lova.v1i1.425</doi>
    <publicationDate>2025-11-23</publicationDate>
    <pages>30-36</pages>
    <url>https://journal.aapbk.org/index.php/lova/article/view/425</url>
    <pdfUrl>https://journal.aapbk.org/index.php/lova/article/view/425/85</pdfUrl>
    <keywords>
      <keyword><![CDATA[Accountability]]></keyword>
      <keyword><![CDATA[Supervision]]></keyword>
      <keyword><![CDATA[School Governance]]></keyword>
      <keyword><![CDATA[Educational Quality]]></keyword>
    </keywords>
    <authors>
      <author>
        <name>Fitria Iswari</name>
        <email>fitriaiswari@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation><![CDATA[Universitas Pakuan, Bogor]]></affiliation>
        <orcid></orcid>
      </author>
    </authors>
    <references>
      <reference order="1">
        <content><![CDATA[Anggraini, Y. (2017). Implementation policy of supervision of employee task office of Cipocok Jaya Districts, Serang City, Banten Province. Jurnal Bina Praja, 9(2), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.09.2017.195-204]]></content>
        <doi>10.21787/jbp.09.2017.195-204</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="2">
        <content><![CDATA[Borman, G., & Kimball, S. (2005). Teacher evaluation and instructional improvement. Peabody Journal of Education, 80(2), 49–70. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327930pje8002_4]]></content>
        <doi>10.1207/S15327930pje8002_4</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="3">
        <content><![CDATA[Bush, T. (2011). Theories of educational leadership and management (4th ed.). SAGE.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="4">
        <content><![CDATA[Bush, T., & Glover, D. (2014). School leadership models: What do we know? School Leadership & Management, 34(5), 553–571. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2014.928681]]></content>
        <doi>10.1080/13632434.2014.928681</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="5">
        <content><![CDATA[Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). The flat world and education. Teachers College Press.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="6">
        <content><![CDATA[Darling-Hammond, L., Meyerson, D., LaPointe, M., & Orr, M. (2020). Preparing school leaders. Jossey-Bass.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="7">
        <content><![CDATA[Day, C., Gu, Q., & Sammons, P. (2016). Successful school leadership. Open University Press.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="8">
        <content><![CDATA[Glickman, C. D., Gordon, S. P., & Ross-Gordon, J. M. (2010). SuperVision and instructional leadership. Pearson.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="9">
        <content><![CDATA[Hallinger, P. (2011). Leadership for learning. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 10(2), 171–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2011.557517]]></content>
        <doi>10.1080/15700763.2011.557517</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="10">
        <content><![CDATA[Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. H. (2010). Collaborative leadership and school improvement. School Leadership & Management, 30(2), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632431003663214]]></content>
        <doi>10.1080/13632431003663214</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="11">
        <content><![CDATA[Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. (2013). Running on empty? Journal of Educational Administration, 51(6), 768–789. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-03-2012-0031]]></content>
        <doi>10.1108/JEA-03-2012-0031</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="12">
        <content><![CDATA[Handoko, T. H. (2011). Manajemen. BPFE.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="13">
        <content><![CDATA[Heizer, J., & Render, B. (2017). Operations management. Pearson.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="14">
        <content><![CDATA[Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C. G. (2013). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="15">
        <content><![CDATA[Kimball, S., Heneman, H., & Milanowski, A. (2004). Performance evaluation and teacher effectiveness. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v12n5.2004]]></content>
        <doi>10.14507/epaa.v12n5.2004</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="16">
        <content><![CDATA[Ladd, H. F., & Fiske, E. B. (2011). Weighted student funding in New Zealand. Journal of Education Finance, 36(4), 378–407.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="17">
        <content><![CDATA[Langi, A. T., Luddin, M. R., & Akbar, M. (2019). Performance management of community counselors (Case study: Balai Pemasyarakatan Jakarta Timur-Utara). Opción, 35(Special Issue 19), 28–52.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="18">
        <content><![CDATA[Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2020). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School Leadership & Management, 40(1), 5–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2019.1596077]]></content>
        <doi>10.1080/13632434.2019.1596077</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="19">
        <content><![CDATA[Louis, K. S., Leithwood, K., Wahlstrom, K. L., & Anderson, S. E. (2010). Learning from leadership. The Wallace Foundation.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="20">
        <content><![CDATA[Mulyasa, E. (2013). Menjadi kepala sekolah profesional. Remaja Rosdakarya.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="21">
        <content><![CDATA[OECD. (2018). Education policy outlook 2018. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264301528-en]]></content>
        <doi>10.1787/9789264301528-en</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="22">
        <content><![CDATA[Purwanto, N. (2016). Administrasi dan supervisi pendidikan. Rineka Cipta.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="23">
        <content><![CDATA[Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019). Organizational behavior (18th ed.). Pearson.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="24">
        <content><![CDATA[Sergiovanni, T. J. (2009). The principalship. Pearson.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="25">
        <content><![CDATA[Siagian, S. P. (2010). Manajemen sumber daya manusia. Bumi Aksara.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="26">
        <content><![CDATA[Spillane, J. P. (2006). Distributed leadership. Jossey-Bass.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="27">
        <content><![CDATA[Stronge, J. H., Ward, T. J., & Grant, L. W. (2013). What makes good teachers good? Journal of Teacher Education, 63(4), 339–355. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487112432107]]></content>
        <doi>10.1177/0022487112432107</doi>
      </reference>
      <reference order="28">
        <content><![CDATA[Sudjana. (2006). Manajemen pendidikan. Sinar Baru.]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="29">
        <content><![CDATA[Wanzare, Z. (2012). Instructional supervision in public schools. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 7(1).]]></content>
      </reference>
      <reference order="30">
        <content><![CDATA[Waters, T., Marzano, R. J., & McNulty, B. (2003). Balanced leadership: What 30 years of research tells us. McREL.]]></content>
      </reference>
    </references>
  </article>
</leroxaArticleMetadata>
