Modeling-Based Group Counseling to Enhance Career Planning in Eleventh-Grade Students

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a group guidance approach using modeling techniques in enhancing career planning among high school students. Given the rapidly evolving job market and rising youth unemployment, structured career planning interventions for high schoolers are urgently needed to prevent future career misalignment and underemployment. The research employed a mixed-method design with an explanatory sequential approach, involving 36 eleventh-grade science students at SMAN 1 Purwakarta. Participants were selected via purposive sampling, targeting eleventh-grade science students with intermediate career-planning readiness to ensure intervention relevance. Quantitative data were collected through a career planning questionnaire, while qualitative data were obtained from interviews and observations. A 20-item Likert-scale career planning questionnaire measured four dimensions: decision-making, understanding, information-seeking, and self-efficacy (α=0.87), administered pre- and post-intervention.  The results indicate a significant improvement in career planning scores, with the average increasing from 100.36 (pretest) to 114.39 (posttest) (p = 0.000). The decision-making aspect showed the highest increase (+4.83), followed by career understanding (+4.62) and career information-seeking (+4.58). The findings demonstrate that modeling techniques using inspirational videos and interactions with real-life models such as professionals and alumni successfully visualized concrete steps in career planning, enhanced self-efficacy, and reduced student confusion. Qualitative findings confirm that group dynamics facilitated experience-sharing and enriched students' perspectives on the professional world. This study concludes that the approach is effective in helping students develop structured and comprehensive career planning. Practical implications emphasize the importance of integrating modeling-based career guidance programs into school counseling curricula, supported by external collaborations and the use of digital media.

Keywords
  • Group guidance
  • Modeling Techniques
  • Career Planning
  • Self-Efficacy
How to Cite
Fitri Annisa, D., Eluemuno, A. I., & Kumar, A. (2025). Modeling-Based Group Counseling to Enhance Career Planning in Eleventh-Grade Students. Journal of Counseling and Educational Research, 1(3), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.63203/jcerch.v1i3.169
References
  1. Adelia, T. D., & Krisphianti, Y. D. (2025). Pentingnya Self Efficacy dalam Perencanaan Karir. Prosiding Konseling Kearifan Nusantara (KKN), 4, 395-400.
  2. Adnan, M. N., & Bhakti, C. P. (2025). Peran Guru Bimbingan Dan Konseling Dalam Mereduksi Kecemasan Karier Yang Dihadapi Siswa Di Era Digital. Learning: Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 363-373.
  3. Alenezi, M. (2023). Digital Learning And Digital Institution In Higher Education. Education Sciences, 13(1), 88.
  4. Amriana, A., Munir, M., & Cholil, C. (2021). Pengkondisian Cara Belajar Anak-Anak TK melalui Teori Belajar Sosial dengan Teknik Modelling. Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Islam, 11(2), 160-175.
  5. Aryana, S., Nugraha, V., San Fauziya, D., Setiawan, T., & Ermanto, E. (2024). Pelatihan dan Motivasi Siswa SMAN 1 Pangalengan dalam Meningkatkan Karir Akademik: Studi Lanjut Kepeguruan Tinggi. Dimasejati: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 6(2), 68-80.
  6. Babullah, R., Qomariyah, S., Neneng, N., Natadireja, U., & Nurafifah, S. (2024). Kolaborasi Metode Diskusi Kelompok Dengan Problem Solving Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Pada Materi Aqidah Akhlak. Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Islam, 2(2), 65-84.
  7. Boiliu, E. R. (2022). Aplikasi Teori Belajar Sosial Albert Bandura Terhadap PAK Masa Kini. Jurnal Ilmu Teologi Dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen, 3(2), 133-143.
  8. Creswell, J. W. (2015). Penelitian Kualitatif & Desain Riset. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar.
  9. Daka, H., Minjale, L., Kakupa, P., Kaani, B., Tembo, P., Mukuka Mulenga, L., & Musonda, A. (2023). Bridging the gap: addressing the disparity between higher education knowledge and industry needs. https://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/8123
  10. Ding, H. (2023). Career planning curriculum reform integrating psychology on employment anxiety disorder of college students. CNS Spectrums, 28(S2), S85-S85.
  11. Dumagyo, C. J. E., & Ponsades, O. P. (2024). Supportive Learning Environment and Assertive Classroom Management Strategies as a Contributing Factor of the Academic Resiliency of T.L.E. Students. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 1067–1076. https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24jun1028
  12. Fadilah, S. N. (2019). Layanan bimbingan kelompok dalam membentuk sikap jujur melalui pembiasaan. Islamic Counseling: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 3(2), 167.
  13. Fachri, A., Triha, H., Syaputra, A. E., Putra, F. A., & Putri, R. M. (2024). Perencanaan Karir Siswa SMAN 1 Kota Solok Menghadapi Industry 4.0 dan Society 5.0. Risalah: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(1), 9-17.
  14. Fithroni, F., Rodhiyya, Z. A., Hanum, N. C., Bhakti, C. P., & Kurniasih, C. (2022). Developing Career Vision Roadmap for Student Career Planning. In International Seminar on Innovative and Creative Guidance and Counseling Service (ICGCS 2021) (pp. 103-109). Atlantis Press.
  15. Hasanah, I., Sa'idah, I., Fakhriyani, D. V., & Aisa, A. (2022). Bimbingan Kelompok: Teori dan Praktik. http://repository.iainmadura.ac.id/745/
  16. Hertinjung, W. S., Qatrunnada, R. Z., Rahmanto, S. W., Praditya, I. R., & Ajiputra, A. F. (2024). Memutus Rantai Kekecewaan Karir: Mencegah Ketidaksesuaian Jurusan Siswa SMK. Nuansa Akademik: Jurnal Pembangunan Masyarakat, 9(2), 457-470.
  17. Jelly, S. (2025). Pelaksanaan Layanan Konseling Kelompok Dengan Teknik Modelling Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Di Smp Amal Bhakti Jati Mulyo Bandar Lampung (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Raden Intan Lampung).
  18. Fidiawati, L., Marsela, F., Rizky, R., Rahmat, C. P., & Kisanta, C. (2025). Pengembangan Modul Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Untuk Meningkatkan Self Efficasy Mahasiswa Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Pelecehan Seksual Di Perguruan Tinggi. TERAPUTIK: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling, 8(3), 63-69.
  19. Mihal, W. L., Sorce, P. A., & Comte, T. E. (1984). A process model of individual career decision making. Academy of Management Review, 9(1), 95-103.
  20. Nasution, A. H. (2023). Efektivitas Bimbingan Kelompok Dengan Teknik Modelling Untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Sopan Santun Di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Washliyah Tanjung Morawa (Doctoral dissertation, State Islamic University of North Sumatera).
  21. Praekanata, I. W. I., Yuliastini, N. K. S., Zagoto, S. F. L., Dharmayanti, P. A., & Suarni, N. K. (2024). Inovasi Konseling Berbasis Pendekatan Holistik: Integrasi Teori, Model, dan Teknik untuk Mendukung Kesejahteraan Siswa. Nilacakra.
  22. Putra, B. J. (2021). Studi Literatur: Teori Perkembangan Karir Donald Edwin Super. Al-Isyrof: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 3(1), 30-38.
  23. Putri, I. B., & Muhid, A. (2021). The Metode Pendidikan Keteladanan Relevansi antara Qasidah Burdah dengan Teori Belajar Sosial Albert Bandura: Metode Pendidikan Keteladanan Relevansi antara Qasidah Burdah dengan Teori Belajar Sosial Albert Bandura. Tarbiyatuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(2), 164-187.
  24. Qois, M. (2022). Efektivitas Bimbingan Konseling Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Peer To Medsos Pembelajaran Daring Di Mts Tarbiyatul Banin Winong Pat (Doctoral dissertation, IAIN KUDUS).
  25. Risal, H. G., & Alam, F. A. (2021). Upaya meningkatkan hubungan sosial antar teman sebaya melalui layanan bimbingan kelompok di sekolah. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Psikologi, 1(1), 1-10.
  26. Rizal, M. (2024). Bimbingan Kelompok Teknik Modelling Untuk Meningkatkan Self-Efficacy Siswa-Siswi Di Ma Darut Tholibin Balik Bukit Lampung Barat (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Raden Intan Lampung).
  27. Rois, F., Hasanah, R. N., Nisa, F., & Puspitasari, N. S. (2024). Pengembangan Karir Siswa Di Era Digital Melalui Pendidikan Dan Konseling Di SMA Negeri 2 Ngawi. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 8(11).
  28. Safitri, Z. (2022). Bimbingan Kelompok Teknik Modeling Untuk Meningkatkan Self-Efficacy Mahasantri Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur’an An-Nasuchiyyah Kudus (Doctoral dissertation, IAIN Kudus).
  29. Şevciuc, M., Reaboi-Petrachi, V., Botezatu, S. V., Dicusară, O., & Dabija, A. (2024). Career guidance of students in the context of educational policies: findings and perspectives. Studia Universitatis Moldaviae (Seria Ştiinţe ale Educației), 175(5), 28-39.
  30. Silalahi, A., & Sidabutar, M. (2023). Sebuah Pendekatan Andragogi Untuk Tetap Setia Dalam Keteguhan Iman Dan Pelayanan Di Kalagan Dewasa Muda. In Seminar Nasional (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 154-164).
  31. Ulum, M., Riyanto, Y., & Setyowati, S. (2024). Self Efficacy Guru Sebagai Kunci Keberhasilan Pengajaran: Analisis Berbasis Kajian Literatur. Jurnal Administrasi Pendidikan Islam, 6(2), 210-228.
  32. Wahyuni, C. L., Nurdin, S., & Bustamam, N. (2018). Kematangan karir siswa SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Dua Pidie Jaya. JIMBK: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Bimbingan & Konseling, 3(4).
  33. Widiyanti, P. (2024). Pengaruh konseling kelompok teknik scaling terhadap pengambilan keputusan karir. Jurnal Educazione: Jurnal Pendidikan, Pembelajaran dan Bimbingan dan konseling, 12(1), 44-56.
  34. Wong, B., & Hoskins, K. (2022). Ready, set, work? Career preparations of final-year non-traditional university students. Higher Education Pedagogies, 7(1), 88-106.
  35. Yanto, M. (2017). Penerapan Teori Sosial Dalam Menumbuhkan Akhlak Anak Kelas I Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Rejang Lebong. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 4(2), 65-85.
  36. Yuningsih, A. T., & Herdi, H. (2021). Studi Literatur Mengenai Perancangan Program Bimbingan dan Konseling Komprehensif Bidang Layanan Perencanaan Individual. Jurnal Edukasi: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling, 7(1), 15-26.
  37. Yuyun, L. (2023). Pengaruh Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Menggunakan Teknik Modelling Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Pada Peserta Didik Di Smp Negeri 1 Belitang Madang Raya Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Sumatera Selatan (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Raden Intan Lampung).